Fairy Tales re-imagined on TV and in books

Mix up traditional fairy tale characters such as Snow White, Prince Charming and Rumplestilskin with literary fairy tale characters such as Pinnochio, the Blue Fairy and perhaps someone from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland with a dose of contemporary fantasy and modern sensibility.  One result is a new television series on Sunday nights on ABC, Once Upon a Time.  This show is for families and fantasy fans while on the darker, flip side fairy tales get the law-and-order, violent treatment with Grimm beginning this Friday night on NBC.

Once Upon a Time intends to draw in readers of Harry Potter as well as the many YA, middle-school and adult books, such as Brandon Mull's Fablehaven series, E. J. Patten's new Return to Exile series, Gail Carson Levine's Ella Enchanted and her subsequent princess books, Shannon Hale's The Princess Academy series, Cressida Cowell's How to Train a Dragon series, the Eoin Colfer's Artemis Fowl series in chapter book and graphic novels, etc.  Combining fairy tales with fantasy and contemporary realism has become a popular story well to mine, accompanied by the elves and dwarves who know the way through the tunnels.Ginnifer Goodwin as Snow White/Sister Mary Margaret

Once Upon a Time stars Ginnifer Goodwin as Snow White and Josh Dallas as Prince Charming who are cursed by a wicked witch played by Lana Parrilla.  The witch's curse seems to be that the characters are transformed into the creepy world of 21st century Storybrook, Maine.

Not that long ago some book publishers, librarians, and adults directing children to books decided that kids did not want to read fairy tales or fantasy.  J.K. Rowlings opened up the floodgates by proving them wrong.  Kids enjoy the excitement, dark turns with usually happy endings, romance, and swashbuckling adventures in these kids of books.  So, it seems that it's about time that television has figured out that a series that interweaves these kinds of tales while still having a PG sensibility might work. 

Obviously, I've just seen one episode and the series is laying the groundwork for the complicated material that is bound to come later.  I do want to point out that there is a significant difference between  traditional fairy tales that the Grimms and others collected and literary fairy tales created by one author, such as Lewis Carroll or L. Frank Baum.  It's just a little unsettling to see the two mixed up so freely here.Josh Dallas as Prince Charming in Once Upon a Time

It's not surprising that Once Upon a Time has roots in the mysterious series Lost; two of that series writers – Adam Horowitz and Edward Kitsis -- are the creators of this show.  They also worked on the tightly crafted Felicity.

"We love the mish-mash,” Kitsis told the Hollywood Reporter last summer about scenes in which Geppetto interacts with Grumpy, etc. Maybe so, but the mish-mash may become a little confusing as viewers make the connection between fairy tale time and contemporary times.  For instance, Snow White becomes the beloved teacher Sister Mary Margaret in Storybrook.  Or remembering Rumplestilskin from the Shrek films and then from fairy tales and then trying to remember exactly why he was bad.

Maybe there's a need for a fairy tale quick guide. 

Remembering Martin Gardner

I was saddened to learn of the death of Martin Gardner. He was a polymath with an infinite curiosity.  Like Martin Gardnermany children's literature scholars, I knew him best as the the compiler of the magnificant The Annotated Alice which was first published in 1960.  His book has gone through multiple editions including The Annotated Alice: The Definitive Edition (1999).  

The Annotated Alice is a amazing compedium of all things Alice in which Gardner provides the text of the two Alice books along with citations and references to the the texts.  It is essential reading for anyone interested in a better understanding of the Alice books.  It has probably introduced more readers to a critical understanding of the Alice books than any other scholarly text.  It is without a doubt the best starting point for any reader who wants a better and more critical understanding of the Alice books and Lewis Carroll.  It the book that I encourage my students to begin their research in Alice.  To re-confirm The Annotated Alice was featured in the last season of Lost. Jack read the book in two different universes.

The Annotated Alice is a true print hypertext and was easily adapted into an eletronic version as well.  The popularity of The Annotated Alice inspired the publication of a number of other annotated versions of classic children's texts. But The Annotated Alice was the first and remains the best of the lot, although Michael Patrick Hearn's magnificant The Annotated Wzard of Oz, first published in 1973 and like Gardner's volume has gone through several editions is a close second. Gardner was originally planning on compiling The Annotated Wizard Oz, when he met Hearn, he gracefully stepped aside to allow the younger Hearn complete the task.

I was fortunate to be able to interview Martin Gardner for the journal, The Five Owls, through the efforts of my friend, Mark West, a children's literature scholar who teaches at the University of NC- Charlotte.  Mark and I drove up from Charlotte to visit Gardner in his home in Henderson, NC, in the fall of 1998. 

Meeting with Gardner was a amazing afternoon.  I don't ofen have  the opportunity to spend the day with a genius and Gardner was certainly that.  Although I knew him primarily for his work on Lewis Carroll, that was just one of his many interests.  It turned out he never really cared for Wonderland, preferring the fantasy of L. Frank Baum.  Gardner would help put back into print with his thoughtful introductions many of Baum's novels  that were published by Dover.  But what attracted him to Carroll was their mutual interest in recreational mathematics. One of Gardner's earlier jobs was being the compiler of the puzzle page for the children's magazine, Humpty Dumpty.

Gardner is perhaps best known for this long running Mathematical Games Column that appeared in Scientific American.  In this column and the many collections based on his column, Gardner would, as Carroll did in  A Tangled Tale, Pillow Problems, and The Game of Logic  provide readers with mathematical puzzles, paradoxes, and entertainments.  For those readers interested in this aspect of Carroll's career, I would strongly encourage them  to read Gardner's  The Universe in a Handkerchief: Lewis Carroll's Mathematical Recreations, Games, Puzzles and Word Plays  (1996).

Like Carroll, Gardner was a true man of letters and published some 80 books during his lifetime.  He would become curious in a topic, research, and then publish a book.  Douglas Hofstadter, the author of Godel, Escher, and Bach  (1979), has called Gardner, "one the great intellects produced in this country in this century." Hofstadter is correct, but in addition to being brillant, Garnder was also generous and kind.

Spending the day with Gardner, was for me as "a golden afternoon," which is how Carroll described the day The Annotated Alice, as it appeared in the television series Lost in March 2010that he first told Alice Liddell and her sisters the oral version of Wonderland.  We talked, drank tea, and he showed me his library, and his work office. When I entered his office, I was astonished. There I saw an old fashion writing desk, which allows the writer to stand while doing his composing.  This is how Gardner wrote which is  the same way the Carroll composed.  In that moment, I realized that the reason that Gardner has such insights and understanding of  Carroll is that his own life and thought process echoed that of the famous children's writer and mathematican.  Both were infinitately curious and imaginative.  It was the closest I have ever been to meeting Carroll. 

I wrote up the interview in the article "Conversation with Martin Gardner: The Annotator of Wonderland," published in the Jan./Feb. 2000 issue of The Five Owls.  

There was a thoughtful obituary of Martin Gardner published in the May 23, 2010 issue of the The New York Times, but I thought some readers might want to read my interview with Gardner.  He will be greatly missed, but his work endures.

Lewis Carroll's annotator

While teaching Alice's Adventures in Wonderland this week in ENG 370: History of Children's Literature, I am Annotated Alice: The Definitive Edition (Norton, 1999)encouraging the students to read an interview I did with Martin Gardner (link is to .pdf).  Gardner is, in many ways, a modern twin to Lewis Carroll.  He's a mathematician, puzzle-maker as well as a story teller and magician.  The interview that I wrote for Five Owls, a periodical on children's literature, focused on Gardner's classic books: The Annotated Alice, More Annotated Alice, and Annotated Alice: The Definitive Edition.

In the interview, Gardner revealed that he didn't initially like the Alice books because when he was young he found them scary.  When he was in his 20s and a mathematician, he picked up Alice's Adventures because he was familiar with Carroll as a mathematician.  Curiously, Gardner, like Carroll, also became famous for writing puzzles and math games for children.  Gardner also wrote a famous, long-running column for Scientific American and is the author of more than 70 books, including some fantasies for children.  And was a genuinely nice person to interview.

Added March 2:  Entertainment Weekly as a piece about Alice references in Lost.